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Objective:To investigate the development of intrapulmonary vascular volume (IPVV) in normal preschool children based on quantitative measurement on chest CT.Methods:The CT data of 407 normal preschool children (236 males and 171 females, aged 1-72 months, with a median of 36 months) who underwent chest CT examination from January 2014 to May 2017 in the "Digital Lung" imaging database were retrospectively collected. The pulmonary vessels were segmented by the "Digital Lung" automatic detection tool, and the IPVV of the whole lung, the right lung, the left lung and each lobe were obtained, and the IPVV upper/lower and IPVV left/right were calculated. According to the age, the subjects were divided into infant period (0-12 months), early childhood period (13-36 months) and preschool period (37-72 months), with 30 cases (17 males and 13 females), 175 cases (95 males and 80 females) and 202 cases (124 males and 78 females) respectively. Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between IPVV and month age. One-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the differences of IPVV, IPVV upper/lower and IPVV left/right between different months of age. Independent sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences of IPVV between different genders, and the normal reference range of IPVV in normal preschool children of different months of age was established. Results:The IPVV of the whole lung, right lung, left lung and each lung lobe were positively correlated with age, the correlation coefficient was 0. 638-0.820 in males and 0. 683-0.791 in females (all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in IPVV of whole lung, right lung, left lung and each lobe between male and female from 0 to 12 months (all P>0.05), but there was significant difference in IPVV of whole lung, right lung, left lung and each lobe between male and female from 13 to 36 months (all P<0.05). There were significant differences in IPVV of the whole lung, right lung, left lung and upper lobe of both lungs between boys and girls from 37 to 72 months (all P<0.05). IPVV upper/lower in the right lung (χ 2=14.00, 12.87, P=0.001, 0.002) and IPVV upper/lower in the left lung (χ 2=6.65, 22.84, P=0.036,<0.001) were significantly different in both boys and girls among 3 months of age. And with the increase of age, it showed a decreasing trend. There was no significant difference in IPVV upper/lower between boys and girls at the same age (all P>0.05).There was no significant difference in IPVV left/right among different months and between different sexes (all P>0.05). Finally, the normal reference value range of IPVV of different genders in infancy, early childhood and preschool age was calculated. Conclusions:The increase of pulmonary vessels in normal preschool children is positively correlated with age. There is no significant difference in IPVV between boys and girls in infant period, but IPVV in boys is larger than that in girls in early childhood period and preschool period. IPVV in the lower lung increased faster than that in the upper lung, but there was no significant difference between the left and right lungs.
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In vitro studies have established the prevalent theory that the mitochondrial kinase PINK1 protects neurodegeneration by removing damaged mitochondria in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, difficulty in detecting endogenous PINK1 protein in rodent brains and cell lines has prevented the rigorous investigation of the in vivo role of PINK1. Here we report that PINK1 kinase form is selectively expressed in the human and monkey brains. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deficiency of PINK1 causes similar neurodegeneration in the brains of fetal and adult monkeys as well as cultured monkey neurons without affecting mitochondrial protein expression and morphology. Importantly, PINK1 mutations in the primate brain and human cells reduce protein phosphorylation that is important for neuronal function and survival. Our findings suggest that PINK1 kinase activity rather than its mitochondrial function is essential for the neuronal survival in the primate brains and that its kinase dysfunction could be involved in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Objective:To investigate the expression changes of SKOV3 and MRTFA in ovarian cancer and their effects on tumor cell proliferation and invasion.Methods:91 cases of patients with ovarian cancer admitted to our hospital from Jun. 2017 to May. 2019 were enrolled in this study. The relationship between MRTFA mRNA expression and clinical characteristics in ovarian cancer tissues was analyzed. The ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were cultured and grouped, and the proliferation activity of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells was detected by MTT. The invasive ability of SKOV3 cells was determined by Transwell method, and the expression of MRTFA protein in SKOV3 cells was determined by Western blot.Results:The relative expression of MRTFA mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues ( P<0.05) . The relative expression of MRTFA mRNA in ovarian cancer tissues with tumor diameter <10 cm, FIGO stage I-II stage, moderately high differentiation and no lymph node metastasis was lower than that with tumor diameter≥10cm, FIGO stage III-IV stage, poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer ( P<0.05) . The absorbance values of ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells in MRTFA intervention group were lower than those in the control group and the negative control group at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The expression of MRTFA is abnormally increased in ovarian cancer. The specific inhibition of MRTFA protein expression can block the proliferation and invasion of SKOV3 cells. The mechanism of action may be related to the transformation process of SRF induced epithelial mesenchyme.
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Objective To investigate the changing curve of mean lung density (MLD)in normal preschool children based on CT quantitative measurement.Methods Chest CT data of 409 preschool children were reviewed retrospectively from the "digital lung"database.A computerized algorithm based on the "digital lung"was applied to all examinations in a batch manner.The MLD values of total lung,right lung,left lung and each lobe were obtained automatically.Results There was no correlation between the gender and MLD,however a moderately negative correlation was found between the age of month and MLD (P＜0.05).No significant difference of MLD was found between genders of the same age of month group,except in left lower lobe of 49-60 months of age (P=0.043). The MLD was decreased gradually with age (P＜0.05).Conclusion There is not a statistical difference in MLD between the preschool boys and preschool girls of the same age of month.With the growth of preschool children,the MLD is gradually decreased.
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Objective Investigate the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)on the neonatal metabolism and prognosis.Methods A total of 265 singleton pregnancy GDM patients were collected as the observation group,while 260 cases of healthy singleton pregnant women were chosen as the control group.Detected the levels of adiponectin,insulin,C-peptide,glycated hemoglobin and blood glucose,compared the prognosis of two groups.Results Compared with the control group,adiponcetin and blood glucose in 2 hours after birth in observation group were lower,insulin,C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin were higher,the number of cesarean section was more,the difference was statically significant (P＜0.05).The incidence of low birth weight infant,macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia,neonatal hypoglycemia,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,neonatal pneumonia,fetal death and newborn teratogenesis in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion GDM could cause metabolic disorder and affect fetal growth and development,leading to poor prognosis.
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Sex differences are widely observed under various circumstances ranging from physiological processes to therapeutic responses, and a myriad of sex-biased genes have been identified. In recent years, transcriptomic datasets of microRNAs (miRNAs), an important class of non-coding RNAs, become increasingly accessible. However, comprehensive analysis of sex difference in miRNA expression has not been performed. Here, we identified the differentially-expressed miRNAs between males and females by examining the transcriptomic datasets available in public databases and conducted a systemic analysis of their biological characteristics. Consequently, we identified 73 female-biased miRNAs (FmiRs) and 163 male-biased miRNAs (MmiRs) across four tissues including brain, colorectal mucosa, peripheral blood, and cord blood. Our results suggest that compared to FmiRs, MmiRs tend to be clustered in the human genome and exhibit higher evolutionary rate, higher expression tissue specificity, and lower disease spectrum width. In addition, functional enrichment analysis of miRNAs show that FmiR genes are significantly associated with metabolism process and cell cycle process, whereas MmiR genes tend to be enriched for functions like histone modification and circadian rhythm. In all, the identification and analysis of sex-biased miRNAs together could provide new insights into the biological differences between females and males and facilitate the exploration of sex-biased disease susceptibility and therapy.
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Female , Humans , Male , Biological Evolution , Genome, Human , MicroRNAs , Blood , Genetics , Organ Specificity , Sex Characteristics , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of astaxanthin on the refractive status and pathological morphology of the guinea pig myopia models induced by concave lens,and to elucidate the improvement effect of astaxanthin on the refractive status of myopia.Methods:A total of 48 healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into blank control group (n=12) and model group (n=36);the guinea pig myopia models (right eyes) were established with far vision optical method (left eyes were used as control).The guinea pig models were divided into model control group,high of astaxanthin (50 ig · kg-1) group and low dose of astaxanthin (25 ig · kg 1) group.After 2 and 4 weeks treatment,the diopters and the lengths of optic axis of both eyes of each guinea pig in various groups were tested,and at 4 weeks the right eyes of the pigs were removed and the pathomorphology was observed by HE staining.Results:The diopters of the model eyes in model group were lower than those of left eyes used as control (P＜0.05) and those of right eyes in blank control group after 2 and 4 weeks (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The length of optic axis of the model eye in model group was increased compared with left eye used as controls and blank control group after 2 weeks (P＜0.05) and especially at 4 weeks (P＜0.01).Compared with model group,the axial oculi and diopters of the guinea pigs in astaxanthin groups were increased (P＜0.05);the pathohistological changes were improved,the collagen fracture was obviously decreased,and the collagen fibers were orderly arranged.Conclusion:Astaxanthin can recover the length of optic axis,diopter and histomorphology of sclera of guinea pig myopia models in some extents.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of astaxanthin on the refractive status and pathological morphology of the guinea pig myopia models induced by concave lens,and to elucidate the improvement effect of astaxanthin on the refractive status of myopia.Methods:A total of 48 healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into blank control group (n=12) and model group (n=36);the guinea pig myopia models (right eyes) were established with far vision optical method (left eyes were used as control).The guinea pig models were divided into model control group,high of astaxanthin (50 ig · kg-1) group and low dose of astaxanthin (25 ig · kg 1) group.After 2 and 4 weeks treatment,the diopters and the lengths of optic axis of both eyes of each guinea pig in various groups were tested,and at 4 weeks the right eyes of the pigs were removed and the pathomorphology was observed by HE staining.Results:The diopters of the model eyes in model group were lower than those of left eyes used as control (P＜0.05) and those of right eyes in blank control group after 2 and 4 weeks (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The length of optic axis of the model eye in model group was increased compared with left eye used as controls and blank control group after 2 weeks (P＜0.05) and especially at 4 weeks (P＜0.01).Compared with model group,the axial oculi and diopters of the guinea pigs in astaxanthin groups were increased (P＜0.05);the pathohistological changes were improved,the collagen fracture was obviously decreased,and the collagen fibers were orderly arranged.Conclusion:Astaxanthin can recover the length of optic axis,diopter and histomorphology of sclera of guinea pig myopia models in some extents.
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Objective To construct miR-196b sponge lentiviral vector,and laid the foundation for studying the function of miR-196b in bone marrow stromal cells.Methods Based on the miR-196b mature sequence,a sequence consisting of 6 tandem repeats of the complementary sequence of miR-196b was designed,and which was cloned into pUC19 plasmid by using reverse PCR.Then the six-repeat sequence was cut and subcloned into pLVX-shRNA2 lentiviral vector.The lentivirus was packaged using 293T cells,and titer determination was done.The pLVX-shRNA2 lentivirus was used as the control group,and the 196b-sponge-pLVX lentivirus was the experimental group.Then ST2 cells were infected with the viruses,and the infection efficiency was calculated.The protein level of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) was detected by Western blot assay.Results The identity of the sponge sequence was verified by sequencing.The titer of the sponge virus was 1 × 108 PFU/mL,and the infection efficiency reached 80％.Compared with the control group,the expression level of FoxO 1 protein was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The miR-196b sponge lentiviral vector is successfully constructed,and which has the capability to inhibit endogenous miR-196b.
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The paper analyzes deficiencies in traditional manual screening of critical values , telephone notifications and manual record-ing of critical value reports , as well as problems existing in current critical value reporting systems in China .It designs a stable , timely and accurate reporting system for test critical values and mainly introduces the system design , system function and application features .
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of non-invasive imaging modalities to evaluate lower limb arterial disease associated with diabetes.Methods Two hundred and twenty seven patients (292 lower limb arteries) with lower limb arterial disease due to diabetes underwent both DSA and one of the pre-operative imaging modalities including CTA,CE-MRA and DUS were included in this study.The diagnostic consistency of CT angiography(CTA),contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) and Doppler ultrasonography(DUS) compared with DSA were calculated respectively.CTA was performed in 169 lower limb arteries,while 123 in CE-MRA and DUS in 192.DSA was used as the gold standard.Consistency analysis was performed to evaluate the three imaging modalities with lower limb artery classified as Grade 1,Grade 2 and Grade 3.Results The sensitivity of CTA to evaluate mild stenosis in Grade 1 to Grade 3 was 100％(56/56),97.6％(82/84) and 93.8％(30/32) respectively,while 100％(19/19),94.4％ (34/36)and 61.5％ (8/13) for severe stenosis.The diagnostic accuracy of mild and severe stenosis was 95.9％ (162/169) to 99.4％ (168/169),which showed good consistency with the result of DSA with Kappa value of 0.760 to 0.916,and P＜0.05.The sensitivity of CE-MRA to evaluate mild stenosis in Grade 1 to Grade 3 was 93.2％(68/73),97.2％(103/106) and 93.2％ (69/74)respectively,while 91.3％ (21/23),80.8％ (42/52)and 42.1％ (8/19)for severe stenosis.The diagnostic accuracy of mild and severe stenosis was 86.2％ (106/123) to 96.7％ (119/123),which showed good consistency with the result of DSA with Kappa value of 0.767 to 0.868 and P＜0.05.The sensitivity of DUS to evaluate mild stenosis in Grade 1 to Grade 3 was 89.9％ (62/69),88.8％ (87/98) and 79.2％ (42/53) respectively,while 73.1％ (19/26),84.8％ (39/46) and 44.4％ (8/18) for severe stenosis.The diagnostic accuracy of mild and severe stenosis was 89.7％ (174/194) to 93.8％ (182/194),which showed good consistency with the result of DSA with Kappa value of 0.476 to 0.864 and P＜0.05.Conclusions The non-invasive imaging modalities,namely CTA,CE-MRA and DUS all have good diagnostic consistency compared with DSA.CTA is superior to CE-MRA and DUS in evaluating the severe stenosis of lower limb arterial disease in diabetes patients.
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Animal models are highly valuable systems that have been extensively used to elucidate human disease pathogenesis and to find therapeutic ways to treat human diseases .Since non-human primates are close to humans,monkeys are important model species in exploring the mechanisms and treatment of human neurodegenerative diseases , neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive function, and neural circuits.However, due to the lack of embryonic stem cell lines in large animals, the traditional gene targeting technology is difficult to establish primate animal models of human diseases . CRISPR/Cas9, as a recently developed tool for genome modifications , has been successfully used to target genomic loci in mouse, rat, monkey, and other species.Here, we discuss the utilization of CRISPR /Cas9 technology in establishing monkey models for studying human neurodegenerative diseases .
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Objective To evaluate the effect of individualized diet nursing on nasogastric gavage-indueced complications after operations on laryngeal cancer? Methods Sixty patients having undergone surgical operation on laryngeal cancer were randomly divided into experiment group and control group in equal number? The control group received nutritional support by conventional enteral nutrition and the experiment group was managed by individualized diet nursing with nasogastric feeding? On days 3 and 10 after operation,the two groups were compared in terms of body constitution,results of experimental tests and complications?Result Compared to the control group,the experiment group showed no significant difference in terms of body constitution and results of experimental tests(P > 0?05)but significantly lower rate of complications on days 3 and 10(P < 0?05)? Conclusion The individualized diet nursing for laryngeal cancer patients may ensure their needs for nutrition,meanwhile reduce the incidences of complications from enteral nutrition,and thus promote their recovery?
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@#Objective To explore the susceptibility of epilepsy in rat with cerebral trauma. Methods An impact-acceleration head injury model was established with rats. After trauma, the electroencephalograph was recorded. Epileptic model wad established by injecting pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) intraperitoneally and the dosage of PTZ was recorded. Results The wave of delta and theta increased after trauma, alpha and beta decreased and there was significant difference among the power of delta, theta and alpha (P＜0.05). The dosage of rats with cerebral trauma was less than that in normal rats (P＜0.05). Conclusion The susceptibility of epilepsy in rat with cerebral trauma increases.
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Objective To develop a method for simultaneous determination of 4 compounds in Zhizhu Pills by HPLC.Method Reversed-phase HPLC was used to determine the content of the compounds such as hesperidin,naringin,neohesperidin and atractylenolideⅠ.The column was symmetry C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with temperature of 30 ℃.Methanol-0.095 %phosphoric acid solution served as the mobile phase by gradient elution.The wavelength of detection was set at 283 nm and 224 nm.The injection volume was 10 ?L and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min.Results Hesperidin,naringin,neohesperidin and atractylenolideⅠin Zhizhu Pills can be isolated completely.Three batches of samples were determined and the recoveries of naringin,hesperidin,neohesperidin and atractylenolideⅠwere 98.81 %(RSD=1.11 %,n=6),100.63 %(RSD=1.90 %,n=6),99.32 %(RSD=1.44 %,n=6) and 99.65 %(RSD=1.53 %,n=6) respectively.Conclusion This method is accurate,reliable and with good reproducibility.It can be used for the quality control of Zhizhu Pills.
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Object To establish a method for the assay of myricetin in Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand. Mazz.) W. T. Wang. Methods The determination was carried out with RP HPLC on Nova pak C 18 stainless steel column (150 mm ? 3 9 mm) with methanol∶water (40∶60) as the mobile phase, and detected at a UV wave length of 254 nm. Results The coefficient of variation was 2.763% with average recoveries=97.4%. The minimal detectable limit was 15 ng. Contents of myricetin in different parts of A. grossedentata from Hunan Province varied from 1.57% to 2.17%. Conclusion The method is rapid, simple, accurate and good for the determination of myricetin in A. grossedentata.
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AIM: To establish the determination of dihydromyricetin in stem,leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata in different seasons from different habitat. METHODS : Novapak C_ 18 column (150mm?4.6mm,5?m) was selected as separation column at 25 ?C . Methanol-water-phosphoric acid (27∶73∶0.1) was used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min -1 . The peak of dihydromyricetin was detected at UV 290nm. RESULTS : The linearity of this method was good. The average recovery was 99.47%,RSD was 1.68%. The content of dihydromyricetin in leaf of Ampelopsis grossedentata collected in May was the highest and was three ～ four times the size of that in stem. CONCLUSIONS :The method is convient with a good separating degree and is useful basis for the develoment and utilization of Ampelopsis grossedentata.